Tuesday, 29 November 2011

Lecture 3 - Marxism & Design Activism


Marxism & Design Activism

Aims
·      To introduce a critical definition of ideology
·      To introduce some of the basic principles of Marxist philosophy
·      To explain the extent to which the media constitutes us as subjects
·      To introduce “culture jamming: and the idea of design activism

“The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the, however, is to change it.”

Marx, K. (1845)

Marxism is:
A political manifesto, leading to socialism, communism and the twentieth century conflicts between capital and labor

A philosophical approach to the social sciences, which focuses on the role of society in determining human behavior, based on concept of dialectical materialism

What is Capitalism?
·      Society where the control of the means of production are held in private hands.
·      A market where labour power is bought and sold (even people)
·      Production of commodities for sale
·      Use of money as a means of exchange
·      Competition/meritocracy

Communist Evolution

1.     Primitive Communism: as seen in cooperative tribal societies.
2.     Slave Society: Develops when the tribe becomes a city – state. Birth of aristocracy
3.     Feudalism: aristocracy becomes the ruling class. Mechants devlop into capitalists.
4.     Capitalism: capitalists are the ruling class, who create and employ the real working classes.
5.     Socialism: dictatorship of proletariat: workers gain class consciousness, overthrow the capitalists and take control over the state.
6.     Communism: a classless and stateless society.

Marx’s concept

Base

Forces of production – materials, tools, workers, skills.
Relations of production – emplyer/emplyee, class, master/slave.

Superstructure

Social institutions – legal, political, culture.
Forms of consciousness – ideology

By changing the base (captilism) you would change the super structure being politics are way of thinking everything.

The state:
“but a committee for managing the comman affairs of the whole bourgeoisie” marx and engels 1848


The queen is a figure head not in charge.
the bourgeosisies, get the state to set laws, get army out to control.

Ideology sets up a system of ideas or beliefs which benefits the political party.

Masking, distortion, or selection of ideas, to reinforce power relations, through creation of “false consciousness”

“The ruling class has to represent its interest as the common interest of all the members of society, to give its ideas the form of universality, and represent them as the only rational, universally valid ones.”

Karl Marx, (1846)



Art as Ideology
The only peiople able to be artists are the people who are eductated, women weren’t allowed to make art either. So the only people making art are Rich white men, making art for people who are rich. Made by rich people for rich people.

Society = Economic, political & ideological:

Ideology is a practice through which men and women “live” their relations to real conditions of existence.

Ideology offers false, but seemingly true resolutions to social imbalance.

Becomes a mechanism for how we live our lives.

The media as ideological state apparatus
·      A means of production
·      Disseminates the views of the ruling class (dominant hegemonic)
·      Media creates a false consciousness
·      The  individual is produced by nature; the subject by culture,

The media controls politics.

No comments:

Post a Comment